Modern Disease Control and Prevention

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shangqiu City from 2015 to 2024,and provide scientific evidence for optimizing prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the three-distribution characteristics of brucellosis cases;the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of incidence rate,and SatScan software was used to conduct spatio-temporal scanning analysis.Results From 2015 to2024,a total of 1 086 brucellosis cases were reported in Shangqiu City,with an annual incidence rate of 1.45 per 10⁵.The incidence rate showed an upward trend,with an average annual percent change(AAPC) of 7.51%(95% CI:2.59%-13.69%).The peak incidence period was spring and summer,with a seasonal index of 131.49%-164.64% from March to July.A total of five spatiotemporal clusters were identified through spatiotemporal scanning analysis,including two type I clusters in Minduan County in the west,and three type Ⅱ clusters involving five counties and districts in the west and central regions.The incidence rate(1.92 per 10⁵) was higher in males than that in females(0.98 per 10⁵),with a statistically significant difference(χ²=115.451,P<0.001).The median age of cases was 51 years(36,60 years),and the proportions of age groups aged 50-<60,60-<70,and 70-<80 years all showed an increasing trend year by year(trend χ² Values were 16.77 1,10.721,4.616,respectively,all P<0.05).Farmers constituted the majority of cases,accounting for 84.62% of the total(919 cases),with an increasing trend in the proportion of farmers year by year(χ²_trend=17.307,P<0.001).The median time interval from onset to diagnosis was 10.63(3.46,31.59) days,and 64.18%(697/1 086) of cases were diagnosed and reported by local medical institutions.Conclusions From 2015 to 2024,brucellosis incidence in Shangqiu City showed an upward trend,and the incidence risk was primarily concentrated in Minquan County,spreading to other counties and districts in the western and central regions.The affected population exhibited an aging trend,and the incidence growth was mainly driven by key occupational groups.Measures such as strengthening source control,advancing active surveillance in priority areas,enhancing public education for high-risk groups,and improving grassroots diagnostic capabilities are necessary to curb the epidemic.