Modern Disease Control and Prevention

Epidemiological characteristics and trends of school public health emergencies in Henan Province, 2006—2025

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school public health emergencies in Henan Province from2006 to 2025, and to provide a reference for scientifically responding to such emergencies. Methods Data on school public health emergencies reported in Henan Province from 2006 to 2025 were collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics. The χ² test was employed to compare rate differences, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for multi-group comparison, Joinpoint regression was performed for time trend analysis, and Spearman correlation analysis for examining associations. Results A total of 571 school public health emergencies were reported in Henan Province from 2006 to2025, involving 18 889 cases, with an attack rate of 2.40%. Infectious diseases accounted for 91.59%(523 incidents) of all events,among which respiratory infectious disease were predominant, comprising 480 cases(91.78% of all infectious disease events). The incidence of school public health emergencies in Henan Province showed an overall continuous downward trend(AAPC=-10.80%,P<0.05). Peaks in event reporting occurred from March to June and from September to December. The attack rate was higher in rural schools(2.67%) than in urban schools(2.49%) and township schools(1.87%)(χ²=364.728, P<0.05). Primary schools were the main setting for events, with 323 cases reported, accounting for 56.57% of the total. There was a positive correlation between intervention time and event duration(r=0.693, P<0.05). Conclusions Respiratory infectious diseases are the main type of school public health emergencies in Henan Province from 2006 to 2025. Rural schools and primary schools are the key priorities for prevention and control. Moreover, the timing of intervention implementation affects event duration. It is essential to strengthen surveillance and achieve early detection and early response to outbreaks.

Association between sleep status and hypertension among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Henan Province

Objective To investigate the sleep status and the prevalence of hypertension among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Henan Province, and to explore the association between sleep status and hypertension. Methods From February to November 2023, a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 108 schools(36 primary schools, 36 junior high schools, and 36 senior high schools) in Henan Province, involving 29 109 students. Information on socio-demographics, sleep status, and blood pressure levels was collected through questionnaires and physical examinations. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between sleep status and the risk of hypertension. Results The average daily sleep duration among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Henan Province was(8.76 ± 1.75)hours/day. The rate of insufficient sleep was 36.4%; the rates among primary, junior high, and senior high school students were10.7%, 46.6% and 90.0% respectively. The detection rate of hypertension was 7.1%, the rates among primary, junior high, and senior high schools were 6.3%, 6.8% and 9.9%, respectively. The prevalence of insufficient sleep and the detection rate of hypertension both showed an increasing trend with advancing school grade(χ²=11 362.707 and 69.206, respectively; both P<0.05).After adjusting for confounding factors, including gender, age, difficulty falling asleep, and bedtime, snoring(OR=1.689, 95%CI:1.473-1.936) and insufficient sleep(OR=1.163, 95%CI: 1.002-1.350) were associated with hypertension. Conclusions In Henan Province, insufficient sleep duration was notably prominent among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years, and its prevalence increases significantly with rising school grade. Snoring and insufficient sleep are significant risk factors for hypertension in this population. Enhanced efforts are needed to cultivate healthy sleep habits among children and adolescents to prevent and control hypertension.

Radon exposure and occupational health effects among non-uranium,non-coal metal miners in Henan Province

Objective To analyze radon exposure levels and occupational health status among non?uranium and non-coal metal miners in Henan Province, and to provide a scientific basis for developing targeted protective strategies and health management measures. Methods From 2023 to 2025, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 128 male miners from two gold mines in Henan Province. Data on basic characteristics, radon exposure, and occupational health indicators were collected. A multiple regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between radon exposure dose and health outcomes. Results The mean(± SD) radon concentration was(2 102±822) Bq/m³ for underground workplaces and(124±44) Bq/m³ for above-ground areas. The mean annual committed effective dose from radon in the underground group [(3.05±2.07) m Sv] was significantly higher than that in the above-ground group [(0.55±1.20) mSv](t=-8.33, P<0.001). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in white blood cell count, detection rate of lens opacity, or detection rate of pulmonary dysfunction(all P>0.05). However,the detection rate of lung inflammation or nodules on CT scans was significantly higher in the underground group(χ²=4.73, P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors including age, working years, smoking, drinking, and BMI, multivariate analysis showed that individual radon exposure dose was significantly associated with pulmonary dysfunction. The OR(95% CI) for the increased riskof pulmonary dysfunction per i mSv increment was 1.42(1.15-1.77). Conclusions Radon exposure in non-uranium and non-coal metal miners may affect their pulmonary health, necessitating enhanced protective measures. Additionally,attention should be given to above-ground personnel in areas with elevated radon concentrations, and corresponding intervention measures should be implemented.

Incidence trends and time-series forecasting of acute myocardial infarction in Luoyang City, 2019-2025

Objective To analyze the epidemiological trends of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) incidence among registered residents of Luoyang City from 2019 to 2025, predict future incidence, and provide evidence for evaluating AMI prevention measures and adjusting control strategies. Methods AMI incidence data were collected from the Henan Province Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management Platform. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0. Joinpoint 5.1.0 software was employed to fit a log-linear model, and the average annual percentage change(AAPC) with its 95% confidence interval(CI) was calculated to analyze incidence trends by sex, urban/rural residence, and age group. Time series analysis was performed using R 4.4.1 software to predict the incidence in 2026. Results From 2019 to 2025, a total of 43 830 AMI cases were reported(30 750 males, 13 080 females), with a mean crude incidence of 84.22/105(male: 116.03/105; female: 51.21/105; urban:115.78/105; and rural: 74.51/105, respectively). The age-standardized rate using the Chinese standard population was 66.47/105(male: 97.65/105; female: 34.35/105; urban: 80.28/105; and rural: 61.46/105, respectively), and the age-standardized rate using the world standard population was 50.74/105(male: 74.71/105; female: 26.05/105; urban: 61.24/105; and rural: 46.95/105, respectively). The overall AMI incidence trend remained stable; but significant increase was observed among males, the crude and China age-standardized incidence in males showed an upward trends(AAPC=6.027% and 4.232%, respectively; both P<0.05), whereas the world age-standardized incidence in females showed a downward trend(AAPC =-5.669%, P <0.05). In the total population and among males, incidence in younger age groups(<35, 35-<45 and 45-<55 years) showed significant increasing trends(AAPC for total population: 10.669%, 9.103% and 4.047%, respectively; AAPC for males: 10.960%, 10.871% and 6.106%, respectively; all P < 0.05). In contrast, incidence among females in the 65-<75 and 75-<85 years age groups showed downward trends(AAPC=-5.153% and-5.860%, respectively; both P < 0.05). Time series analysis revealed obvious seasonality and cyclical fluctuations in AMI incidence. Both the Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average(SARIMA) and the Exponential Smoothing(ETS) models were fitted and validated, and the optimal prediction model was identified as SARIMA(0,1,2)(2,0,0)12. For2026, monthly AMI cases are projected to peak in January(701 cases) and trough in September(582 cases), with an estimated annual crude incidence of 103.47/105. Conclusions The AMI incidence in Luoyang remains persistently high, with alarming upward trends in young and middle-aged males and urban residents. Early warning systems, healthy lifestyle promotion, and targeted interventions for high-risk groups should be urgently strengthened.

Characteristics of detection methods for infectious disease-related public health emergencies in Henan Province,2016-2025

Objective To analyze the methods of detection for infectious disease-related public health emergencies reported in Henan Province from 2016 to 2025, and to provide recommendations for improving the quality of reporting for such events in the province. Methods Information on infectious disease-related public health emergencies in Henan Province from 2016 to 2025 was obtained through the "Public Health Emergency Management Information System" for analysis, focusing on the methods of event discovery, the settings where events occurred, and the time interval from the onset of the first case to the detection of the event, among other relevant circumstances. Results Among the 246 infectious disease-related public health emergencies in the province from 2016 to 2025, there were 2 cases(0.81%) of Class A infectious diseases, 110 cases(44.72%) of Class B, 60 cases(24.39%) of Class C, and 74 cases(30.08%) of other classes. The events primarily occurred in schools(104 cases, 42.28%). The main methods of event detection included identification by disease prevention and control(CDC) institutions(47 cases, 19.11%),reporting by medical institutions(153 cases, 62.20%), and reporting by schools(21 cases,8.54%,). These three detection methods accounted for 89.84% of the total events. Additionally, 19 cases(7.72%) were detected through early warning alerts. The median time interval from the onset of the first patient to event detection in the province from 2016 to 2025 was 8.67(4.94, 16.48) d.Conclusions Infectious disease-related public health emergencies in Henan Province are predominantly caused by Category B infectious diseases, with schools being the primary locations of occurrence, and medical institutions serving as the main channels for detection. The time interval between detection and reporting of such events in the province remains relatively long, indicating that early monitoring, early warning, and response efficiency require further improvement.

Temporal dynamics of antimicrobial resistance,enterotoxin genes,and toxigenic capacity in foodborne Staphylococcus aureus from 2013 to 2025:With clinical isolates(2013-2014) as historical baseline reference

Objective To analyze the differences and temporal dynamics in antimicrobial resistance profiles,enterotoxin gene carriage,and toxigenic capacity between foodborne and clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates,and to provide baseline data for risk assessment of foodborne S.aureus and clinical anti-infective therapy.Methods A total of 145 foodborne S.aureus isolates(2013—2025) and 70 clinical isolates(2013—2014) were collected.Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of 17 antimicrobial agents were determined by broth microdilution method and interpreted according to CLSI standards.Cefoxitin screening test was used to predict methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by D-test.Five classical enterotoxin genes(sea,seb,sec,sed,and see) were detected by PCR,and toxigenic capacity was assessed based on enterotoxin protein expression.Temporal trends of foodborne isolates were analyzed across four periods(2013—2015,2016—2018,2019—2021,2022—2025),with clinical isolates(2013—2014) serving as historical baseline reference for identifying common patterns and trend variations.Results Among foodborne isolates,the highest resistance rate was observed for penicillin(82.07%,119/145),followed by erythromycin(50.34%,73/145);resistance rates to linezolid and vancomycin were both 0.00%.Temporal analysis of foodborne isolates revealed that multiple resistance indicators reached their periodical nadirs during 2019—2021(penicillin 66.67%,fluoroquinolones 0.00%,tigecycline 0.00%,MDR prevalence20.00%),but rebounded markedly during 2022—2025(penicillin 86.30%,fluoroquinolones approximately 17.00%,MDR36.99%).The overall MRSA prevalence among foodborne isolates was 13.79%(20/145),peaking at 17.81% during 2022—2025;the overall D-test positivity rate was 50.34%,rebounding to 53.42% in the same period.Using 2013—2014 clinical isolates as historical baseline reference,their resistance levels were generally higher across all stages:penicillin 98.57%(69/70),erythromycin 70.00%(49/70),oxacillin 61.43%(43/70),MRSA prevalence 34.29%(24/70),and D-test positivity rate 65.71%(46/70).The most complex resistance pattern among clinical isolates covered 13 antimicrobial agents(including vancomycin and linezolid),while that of foodborne isolates covered 12 agents(excluding these drugs).For enterotoxin gene carriage,34.48%(50/145) of foodborne isolates carried at least one gene,predominantly sea(16.55%),seb(16.55%)and sec(15.86%);the carriage rate among clinical isolates(2013—2014) was 40.00%(28/70),with sea and seb being the most prevalent(35.71% each).Regarding toxigenic capacity,24.83%(36/145) of foodborne isolates produced at least one enterotoxin,dominated by SEB(35.17%);21.43%(15/70) of clinical isolates(2013—2014) produced at least one enterotoxin,with comparable detection rates for SEB(28.57%),SEC(24.29%) and SED(24.29%).Conclusions From 2013 to 2025,antimicrobial resistance among foodborne S.aureus exhibited a U-shaped trend of "initial decline followed by rebound." Multiple resistance indicators during2022—2025 have rebounded to near-decade highs,with particularly rapid increases in MRSA and inducible clindamycin resistance.With 2013—2014 clinical isolates serving as historical baseline reference,clinical isolates demonstrated higher resistance spectrum complexity,MRSA prevalence,and inducible resistance rates across all foodborne stages,indicating stronger selective pressure in clinical settings.However,the emergence of complex resistance patterns in foodborne isolates and their enterotoxin gene profiles similar to those of clinical isolates suggest that the food chain may be a potential transmission route of resistant bacteria/resistance genes to the human population.Considering both the stage-specific trends of foodborne resistance indicators and the common patterns observed with the clinical historical baseline,it is recommended that foodborne MRSA be incorporated into the active surveillance network for foodborne diseases,and that D-test be routinely performed prior to clinical anti-infective therapy to guide the rational use of clindamycin.

Sleep-improving effects of Semen ziziphi spinosae Poria cocos capsules in mice

Objective To evaluate the sleeping-improving effects of Semen ziziphi spinosae Poria cocos(SZSPC) capsules in mice and to provide pharmacological evidence for the development of natural sleep-aid products.Methods A total of 144 male KM mice(18-22 g) were randomly assigned to a solvent control group(distilled water) and three SZSPC capsule dose groups(127,253 and 700 mg/kg),with 12 mice per group.All treatments were administered by gavage at 20 mL/kg body weight once daily for 30 consecutive days.Three independent experiments were conducted:(1) direct sleep-inducing effect was observed after administration and sleep-prolonging effect was evaluated using hypnotic dose of pentobarbital sodium(45 mg/kg);(2) synergistic effect with a subthreshold doses of pentobarbital sodium(20 mg/kg) was examined;and(3) sleep-shorting effect on sleep latency was assessed using a sub-hypnotic dose of pentobarbital sodium(300 mg/kg).Results At a doses of 253 mg/kg and 760 mg/kg,SZSPC capsules significantly prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleep durations to(35.8±10.4) min and(40.7±10.2) min,respectively,compared with the control group(both P<0.05).Sleep latency in the 253 mg/kg and 760 mg/kg dose groups was significantly shortened to(19.2±3.3) min and(17.6±4.6) min,respectively(both P<0.05).Compared with the vehicle control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).No sleep phenomenon was observed in any dose group after oral administration,and there was no increase in the incidence of sleep induced by a subthreshold dose of pentobarbital sodium(χ²=0.762,P>0.05).Conclusion Semen ziziphi spinosae Poria cocos capsule has a sleep-improving function in mice.

Analysis of the disease burden of type 2 diabetes in Gansu Province from 1990 to 2021

Objective To analyze the disease burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) in Gansu Provincefrom 1990 to 2021,providing evidence for diabetes prevention and control.Methods Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study2021,the disease burden of T2DM in Gansu Province from 1990 to 2021 was analyzed.Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends in age-standardized mortality rates(ASMR) andage-standardized disability-adjusted life year(DALY) rates.Results From 1990 to2021,the prevalence of T2DM in Gansu Province increased from 2 213.02 per 100 000 to 5 768.42 per 100 000,and the mortality raterose from 4.30 per 100 000 to 11.56 per 100 000.The ASMR decreased from 9.19 per 100 000 to 8.86 per 100 000,while the age-standardized DALY rate increased from 396.87 per 100 000 to 460.93 per 100 000.The age-standardized years of life lost(YLL) rate declined from 196.27 per 100 000 to 171.67 per 100 000,whereas the age-standardized years lived with disability(YLD) rate increased from 200.60 per 100 000 to 289.26 per 100 000.Over the study period,the age-standardized DALY rate showed an upward trend,with an average annual percentage change of 0.49%(95% CI:0.21%-0.77%).Age-stratified analysis revealed that the disease burden was highest among individuals aged≥70 years,while the fastest growth occurred in the 15-<50 age group,with the YLD rate increasing by 151.64%.Conclusions From 1990 to 2021,the diseaseburden of T2DM in Gansu Province increased significantly,with theelderly population bearing thehighest burden and the middle-aged group experiencing the fastest growth.Targeted measures should prioritize early screening and intervention for middle-aged populations,optimize diabetes management strategies for theelderly,and strengthen complication prevention to effectively curb the rising disease burden.

Status of biotoxin contamination in cereal grains and their products in Henan Province from 2012 to 2024

Objective To analyze the contamination status and changing trends of biotoxins in cereal grains and their products in Henan Province from 2012 to 2024,thereby providing a scientific basis for food safety risk management and control.Methods Biotoxin surveillance data from cereal grains and their products collected across Henan Province between 2012 and2024 were systematically compiled.Statistical and analyses were performed on sample size,contaminant profiles,detection rates,and other indicators.Results A total of 10 904 samples were collected from 2012 to 2024,among which 8 045 samples exhibited the presence of biotoxins,yielding an overall detection rate of 73.8%.The annual detection rates showed a peak of 97.6%(1 888/1 934) in 2023.Of the detected samples,447 samples exceeded safety limits,resulting in an overall exceedance rate of 4.1%.The detection rates in wheat flour products and cornmeal were 36.5%(4 466/12 220) and 34.0%(5 798/17 062),respectively.Teochromol(TeA),tenacuron(TEN),and deoxynivalenol(DON) showed relatively high detection rates,at 85.0%(2 670/3 140),75.4%(2 366/3 140),and 70.1%(4 922/7 020),respectively.Combined contamination was prevalent,and 56.2%(4 521/8 045)of detected samples contained two or more toxins,with a maximum of 12 toxins detected simultaneously.The detection rates of biotoxins in bulk samples and pre-packaged samples were 73.6%(7 001/9 512) and 77.4%(1 077/1 392),respectively,and their over-standard rates were 4.5%(430/9 512) and 1.4%(19/1 392),respectively.The differences were both statistically significant(χ²=9.628 and 26.752,respectively;both P<0.05).Conclusions Biotoxin contamination in cereal grains and their products in Henan Province is prevalent,but it is generally controllable.Detection rates have shown a year-on-year increase,with Fusarium toxins and Alternaria toxins predominating.Wheat,maize,and their products represent high-risk types.Multimycotoxin co-contamination is a prominent feature of the contamination profile.Strengthening source control,storage management,processing decontamination,and packaging standardization is needed,along with the continued implementation of systematic surveillance and risk assessment programs.

Surveillance results of avian influenza viruses in poultry-related external environment of Henan Province

Objective To investigate the contamination status of avian influenza virus(AIV) in the poultry-related external environment in Henan Province, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human avian influenza outbreaks.Methods In April 2025, external environmental samples were collected from 3 types of poultry-related sites across five prefecture-level cities in Henan Province. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza A virus,and influenza A virus-positive samples were further subtyped for H5, H7, and H9 AIV. Version 0.96 was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 464 samples were collected. AIV was detected in the samples from farms, flower and bird markets and live poultry markets across the five cities, with an overall positive rate of 21.34%(99/464). Statistically significant differences in AIV positive rates were observed among different surveillance sites(X²=150.73, P<0.05), sample types(X²=100.13, P<0.05), and prefecture-level cities(X²=21.56, P<0.05). Among the surveillance sites, live poultry markets had the highest positive rate, at60.83%(73/120). Among sample types, cutting board swab samples had the highest positive rate, at 86.67%(13/15). Among all the cities, Zhengzhou had the highest positive rate, which was 34.72%(25/72). Typing results showed that among the positive samples, the proportions of single H9 and H5 subtypes were 63.64%(63/99) and 4.04%(4/99), respectively, and the proportion was 8.08%(8/99) for mixed H5 and H9 subtypes, and 3.03%(3/99) for mixed H7 and H9 subtypes. Conclusions In the spring of2025, a certain degree of AIV contamination was detected in the poultry-related external environment in some areas of Henan Province; live poultry markets were the high-incidence sites, with co-circulation of H5, H7, and H9 subtypes. It is necessary to strengthen targeted routine surveillance and precise prevention and control for poultry-related sites, and focus on high-risk sample types and high-incidence areas.

Epidemiological features analysis of notifiable infectious diseases in China's mainland,2010-2016

Objective To provide a scientific basis for formulating the best control and prevention strategy through analyzing the epidemiological features of notifiable infectious diseases in China's mainland from 2010 to 2016.Method The notifiable infectious diseases that reported by National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China,were collected and analyzed.Results 46 635 017 cases were reported,the incidence rate was 491.93 per 100 000.116576 deaths were reported and the mortality was 1.23 per 100 000.The case fatality rate was 0.25 %.386 cases of 2 kinds of A notifiable diseases were reported,the incidence rate was 0.0041 per 100 000. 21 776 418 cases of26 kinds of B notifiable diseases were reported,the incidence rate was 229.71 per 100 000 and declined slowly.24 858213 cases of 11 kinds of C notifiable diseases were reported,the incidence rate was 262.22 per 100 000 and rised every other year.Blood and sexually transmitted disease had become the highest morbidity and mortality infectious disease in the class A and B cases during the last 7 years,and the proportion was 56.12 % and 74.34 % respectively.Fatality rate of natural foci and vector-borne diseases was 1.7390 %,which was the highest.The incidence of intestinal infectious diseases declined year byyear,and the mortality of natural foci and vector-borne diseases,intestinal infectious diseases,respiratory infectious diseases had the same trend,but Blood and sexually transmitted disease's incidence increased year by year.3 899 cases and 269 deaths of neonatal tetanus were reported in the last 7 years. Tts fatality rate was 6.90 % and its incidence and mortality declined year by year.The infectious diseases reported in the first few were hand-foot-and-mouth disease,viral hepatitis,tuberculosis,other infectious diarrheal diseases,syphilis and mumps respectively. Conclusion The epidemic situation of notifiable infectious diseases were stable in China's mainland during the last 7 years. Prevention and control measures should focus on Blood and sexually transmitted disease with high morbidity and mortality and rising trend.The vaccine-preventable diseases,such as viral hepatitis(hepatitis B)and tuberculosis,remain had great incidence,so health education should be strengthened to improve people's cognitive ability and immune levels.

Effects of trace element copper on human health

Copper is a naturally existing element in nature, it mostly enters the human body through food or drinking water, and it has dual functions to human health. As one of the essential micronutrients for human health, copper is involved in many physiological functions, copper deficiency causes problems, such as anemia and neutropenia. Copper excess can lead to acute or chronic copper poisoning in human subjects, and in severe cases death. The source of the copper, the physiological functions,absorption and metabolism, deficiency, toxicity, and the recommended intake of copper will be mainly reviewed in this paper.

The recent reseach of our country in the material and methods of the Virus preservation

For the better preservation of the biological resources,the author has retrieved the domestic literature of the preservation of strains during National Eleventh Five-Year.The results show that our country uses the gelatin foil,the filter paper,the emulsion,the carbohydrate,the liquid traditional Chinese medicine and so on as the collection material of strains;In preservation technology and method still by low temperature or ultralow temperature refrigeration and so on primarily.So we can say that our country does have the remarkable progress in the collection material and the preservation method aspect.

Effects of trace element copper on human health

Copper is a naturally existing element in nature, it mostly enters the human body through food or drinking water, and it has dual functions to human health. As one of the essential micronutrients for human health, copper is involved in many physiological functions, copper deficiency causes problems, such as anemia and neutropenia. Copper excess can lead to acute or chronic copper poisoning in human subjects, and in severe cases death. The source of the copper, the physiological functions,absorption and metabolism, deficiency, toxicity, and the recommended intake of copper will be mainly reviewed in this paper.

Evaluation of life quality of the rural elderly in a county by SF-36 scale

Objective To understand the quality of life and medical status of residents in rural areas of a County. Methods By using the method of random cluster sampling, a real-name questionnaire survey was conducted among residents by using SF-36 and self-made scale. Results The Cronbach's α coefficient and KMO value of SF-36 scale were > 0.8 and 0.6 respectively.Comparing the scores of the rural elderly in Fengqiu county with those of the rural elderly in Henan Province, the score of vitality(VT) was lower than that of the norm, while the scores of physiological function(PF), body pain(BP), overall health status(GH), social function(SF), emotional function(RE) and mental health(MH) were higher than those of the norm. Compared with the Shenzhen norm, the scores of physiological function(RP), body pain(BP), vitality(VT) and social function(SF) were lower than those of the norm. Compared with the norm of Sichuan Province, the score of emotional function(RE) dimension of the four age and gender groups was higher than that of the norm, and the score of vitality(VT) dimension was lower than that of the norm(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life of the elderly in rural areas of the studied county has been improved, but it is still poor compared with some developed areas. It is necessary to arrange work reasonably according to the factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly in the county.

The research progress of respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in the Middle East